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Earthquake


What is Earthquake : 

In lemon language its The Shaking of Earth. 
    Technically An earthquake occurs when earth releases energy suddenly in the form seismic waves. The tectonic plates in the earth’s crust which are almost hundred kilometers in thickness get dislocated because of seismic waves.
    An earthquake is a natural phenomenon. But sometimes activities like oil drilling, coal mining, and construction of big dams also add up to the seismic activity. Earthquake intensity is measured with the help of seismometers. It is also known as Richter scale. A magnitude of 3 on Richter scale is indiscernible whereas a magnitude higher than 7 usually causes damage and destruction. One of the worst earthquakes to hit was a magnitude of over 9 in Japan in 2011.

About Earthquakes: 

Almost 500,000 earthquakes occur each year that can be detected with the latest instruments. Among these, around 100,000 can be felt. Minor earthquake prone areas on earth are Italy, Greece, New Zealand, Turkey, Portugal, Pakistan, Iran, Indonesia, Peru, Chile, Guatemala, Mexico, California and Alaska. Majority of earthquakes occur in the course of 40,000 km long circum-Pacific seismic belt which is in the shape of a horseshoe. Himalayan mountain plate is another zone where massive earthquakes may occur. With rapid rise in population in countries like Japan, Mexico and Tehran, because of their presence in seismic zones, major earthquakes may occur. If we list out the top 10 earthquake prone countries, it goes like:
1. Japan
2. Indonesia
3. United States of America
4. New Zealand
5. Fiji
6. Tonga
7. Chile
8. Papua New Guinea
9. Mexico
10. Solomon Islands

 DOs and DONTs while Earthquake

Stay as safe as possible during an earthquake. Be aware that some earthquakes are actually foreshocks and a larger earthquake might occur. Minimize your movements to a few steps that reach a nearby safe place.

Follow these steps incase you feel tremors:

If indoors

1. Drop to the ground; take cover by getting under a sturdy table or other piece of furniture; and hold on until the shaking stops. If there is no table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of the building.

2. Protect yourself by staying under the lintel of an inner door, in the corner of a room, under a table or even under a bed.

3. Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall, (such as lighting fixtures or furniture).

4. Stay in bed if you are there when the earthquake strikes. Hold on and protect your head with a pillow, unless you are under a heavy light fixture that could fall. In that case, move to the nearest safe place.

5. Use a doorway for shelter only if it is in close proximity to you and if you know it is a strongly supported, load bearing doorway.

6. Be aware that the electricity may go out or the sprinkler systems or fire alarms may turn on.

If outdoors

1. Avoid moving. However, move away from buildings, trees, streetlights, and utility wires.

2. If you are in open space, stay there until the shaking stops. The greatest danger exists directly outside buildings; at exits; and alongside exterior walls. Most earthquake-related casualties result from collapsing walls, flying glass, and falling objects.

If in a moving vehicle

1. Stop as quickly as safety permits and stay in the vehicle. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses, and utility wires.

2. Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has stopped. Avoid roads, bridges, or ramps that might have been damaged by the earthquake.

If trapped under debris

1. Do not light a match.

2. Do not move about or kick up dust.

3.Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.

4. Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you. Use a whistle if one is available. Shout if you have no other way to communicate. Shouting can cause you to inhale dangerous amounts of dust so be careful. 
 
The world's strongest earthquakes since 1900


A magnitude-7.9 earthquake shook Nepal's capital and the densely populated Kathmandu Valley on Saturday, the worst quake in the Himalayan nation in over 80 years.

The world's strongest earthquakes since 1900:

May 22, 1960: A magnitude-9.5 earthquake in southern Chile and ensuing tsunami kill at least 1,716 people.

March 28, 1964: A magnitude-9.2 quake in Prince William Sound, Alaska, kills 131 people, including 128 from a tsunami.

Dec. 26, 2004: A magnitude-9.1 quake in Indonesia triggers an Indian Ocean tsunami, killing 230,000 people in a dozen countries.

March 11, 2011: A magnitude-9.0 quake off the northeast coast of Japan triggers a tsunami, killing more than 18,000 people.

Nov. 4, 1952: A magnitude-9.0 quake in Kamchatka in Russia's Far East causes damage but no reported deaths despite setting off 9.1-meter (30-foot) waves in Hawaii.

Feb. 27, 2010: A magnitude-8.8 quake shakes Chile, generating a tsunami and killing 524 people.

Jan. 31, 1906: A magnitude-8.8 quake off the coast of Ecuador generates a tsunami that kills at least 500 people.

Feb. 4, 1965: A magnitude-8.7 quake strikes Alaska's Rat Islands, causing an 11-meter (35-foot) -high tsunami.

March 28, 2005: A magnitude-8.6 quake in northern Sumatra in Indonesia kills about 1,300 people.

Aug. 15, 1950: A magnitude-8.6 earthquake in Tibet kills at least 780 people.

April 11, 2012: A magnitude-8.6 quake off the west coast of northern Sumatra in Indonesia triggers tsunami warnings in more than two dozen nations.

March 9, 1957: A magnitude-8.6 quake strikes the Andreanof Islands in Alaska triggers a 16-meter (52-foot) -high tsunami.

Sept. 12, 2007: A magnitude-8.5 quake near Sumatra in Indonesia kills at least 25 people.

Feb. 1, 1938: A magnitude-8.5 quake in Banda Sea, Indonesia, generates a small tsunami.

Feb. 3, 1923: A magnitude-8.5 quake in Kamchatka in Russia's Far East triggers a tsunami.

Nov. 11, 1922: A magnitude-8.5 quake along the Chile-Argentina border triggers a tsunami that causes damage along Chile's coast.

Oct. 13, 1963: A magnitude-8.5 quake in the Kuril Islands triggers a tsunami.

Lastly : Stay Safe. Believe In God.
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